Kamis, 03 April 2014

Passive Voice Referensi 2 buku

Referensi Buku-1

A.    Pengertian Passive Voice
Passive Voice yang di dalam bahasa Indonesia disebut juga kalimat pasif, adalah bentuk kalimat yang lebih menekankan objek (nomina penderita) daripada subjek (pelaku). Ketika diterjemahkan, kalimat ini diawali dengan awalan di-/ ter- yang berawalan dengan kalimat aktif, berawalan me- atau ber-.
B.     Pola Kalimat
Pola kalimat yang digunakan pada passive voice adalah dibentuk dari :
                                    to be + Verb-3 (past participle)
 


Active                                                                          Passive
to give      = mengambil                                              to be given      = diambil
to receive = menerima                                                 to be received  = diterima
Contoh :                                                  
v  Has a dog ever bitten you? – have you ever bitten by a dog?
v  My grandfather built this house – this house was built by my grandfather
Ø  Present simple am/is/are + Verb-3
Active             : Somebody clean this room everyday
Passive            : This room is cleaned everyday
v  Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving
v  I’m not often invited to parties
v  How many people are injured inroad accident everyday
Ø  Past simple was/were + Verb-3
Active             : Somebody cleaned this room yesterday
Passive            : This room was cleaned yesterday
v  During the night we were all waken up by a loud explosion
v  When was that castle built
v  The house wasn’t damaged in the storm but a tree was blown down
Ø  Present continuous am/is/are + Verb-3
Active             : Somebody is cleaning the room at the moment
Passive            : The room is being cleaned at the moment

v  Look at those old houses! They are being knocked down
v  (shoop assistant to customer) Are you being served, madam?
Ø  Past continuous was/were being + Verb-3
Active             : Somebody was cleaning the room when I arrived
Passive            : The room was being cleaned when I arrived
v  Suddenly I heard footsteps behind me. We were being followed
Ø  Present perfect have / has been + Verb-3
Active             : The room looks nice. Somebody has cleaned it                                
Passive            : The room looks nice. It has been cleaned                                
v  Have you heard the news? They president has been shot
v  Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
v  I’m not going to the party. I haven’t been invited
Ø  Past perfect had been + Verb-3
Active             : The room looked much better. Somebody had cleaned it  
Passive            : The room locked much better. It had been cleaned
v  Jim didn’t know about the change of plans. He hadn’t been told.
 
Referensi Buku-2
 
 
Conjugation for the Passive Voice
We can form the passive in any tense. In fact, conjugation of verbs in the passive tense is rather easy, as the main verb is always in past participle form and the auxiliary verb is always be. To form the required tense, we conjugate the auxiliary verb. So, for example:
  • present simple: It is made
  • present continuous: It is being made
  • present perfect: It has been made
Here are some examples with most of the possible tenses:
infinitive
to be washed
simple
present
It is washed.
past
It was washed.
future
It will be washed.
conditional
It would be washed.
continuous
present
It is being washed.
past
It was being washed.
future
It will be being washed.
conditional
It would be being washed.
perfect simple
present
It has been washed.
past
It had been washed.
future
It will have been washed.
conditional
It would have been washed.
perfect continuous
present
It has been being washed.
past
It had been being washed.
future
It will have been being washed.
conditional
It would have been being washed.
FORMING THE PASSIVE
ACTIVE   :   (a)   Mary helped the boy
PASSIVE :   (b)   The boy was helped by Mary
Form of the passive: be + past participle.
 

In the passive, the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb: “the boy” in (a) becomes the subject of the passive verb in (b). (a) and (b) have the same meaning.
ACTIVE   :   (c)   An accident happened
PASSIVE :   (d)   ( none )
Only transitive verbs (verbs that are followed by an object) are used in the passive. It is not possible to use verbs such as happen, sleep, come, and seem (intransitive verbs) in the passive.
Simple present    Mary   helps                         Jhon.    Jhon     is helped                       by Mary
present progres  Mary    is helping                  Jhon.    Jhon     is being helped            by Mary
present perfect   Mary    has helped               Jhon.    Jhon     has been helped            by Mary
simple past        Mary    helped                       Jhon.    Jhon     was helped                    by Mary
past progresive  Mary    was helping              Jhon.    Jhon     was being helped         by Mary
past perfect        Mary    had helped               Jhon.    Jhon     had been helped          by Mary
simple future     Mary    will help                    Jhon.    Jhon     will be helped              by Mary
be going to         Mary   is going to help         Jhon.    Jhon     is going to be helped   by Mary
Future perfect    Mary   will have helped        Jhon.    Jhon     will have been helped by Mary
Example :
Tom opens the door.                           The door is opened by Tom.
Tom is opening the door.                    The door is being opened by Tom.
Tom has opened the door                   The door has been opened by Tom.
Tom opened the door                          The door was opened by Tom.
Tom was opening the door                 The door was being opened by Tom.
Tom had opened the door                   The door had been opened by Tom.
USING THE PASSIVE
(a)   Rice is grown in India.
(b)   Our house was built in 1890.
(c)   This olive oil was imported from Spain.
Usually the passive is used without a “ by phrase.” The passive is most frequently used when it is not known or not important to know exactly who performs an action.
In (a): Rice is grown in India by people, by farmers, by someone. In sentence (a), it is not known or important to know exactly who grows rice in India.
(a), (b), and (c) illustrate the most common use of the passive, i.e., without the “by phrase.”
(d)   Life on the Mississippi was written by
       Mark Twain.
The “by phrase” is included only if it is important to know who performs an action. In (d), by Mark Twain is important information.
(e)   My aunt made this rug. (active)
(f)   This rug was made by my aunt.
       That rug was made by my mother.
If the speaker/writer knows who performs an action, usually the active is used, as in (e).
The passive may be used with the “by phrase” instead of the active when the speaker/writer wants to focus attention on the subject of a sentence. In (f) the focus of attention is on two rugs.
Example :
People grow corn in Iowa.                  Corn is grown in Iowa
INDIRECT OBJECTS AS PASSIVE SUBJECTS
(a)   Someone gave Mrs. Lee[LO]  an award
       [DO].
(b)   Mrs. Lee was given an award.
LO= indirect object. DO= direct object. Either an indirect object or a direct may become the subject of a passive sentence.
(a), (b), (c), and (d) have the same meaning.
(c)   Someone gave an award to Mrs. Lee.
(d)   An award was given to Mrs. Lee.
Example :
Someone handed Ann a menu at the restaurant.
(indirect object = Ann)            Ann was handed a menu at the restaurant.
    
       Referensi buku:
      Buku SPMB konsultan Pendidikan Salemba Group divisi bimbingan tes alumni salemba Jakarta.         Frank, Marcella. Modern English : Exercises For Non-Native Speakers Part 1 of Speech. New York: Prentice Hall, Inc, 1972.
http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-voice_passive.htm    
 
 

CURICULUM VITAE


Curriculum Vitae
Personal Details
Full Name                   : Tika Yunianti
Sex                             : Female
Place, Date of Birth     : Jakarta, Jun 27, 1992
Nationality                   : Indonesia
Marital Status              : Single
Height, Weight             : 158 cm, 50 kg
Health                         : Perfect
Religion                       : Moeslem
Address                       : Jl. DR. KRT. Radjiman Widyoningrat Rt. 004 Rw. 012 Kel. Jatinegara Kec.                        Cakung, Jakarta Timur 13930
Email                           : yuniantitika@yahoo.com                         
Educational Background
1998 – 2004                : SDN Jatinegara 02 Pagi, Jakarta
2004 – 2007                : SMPN 144, Jakarta
2007 – 2010                : SMK Dinamika Pembangunan 2, Jakarta
2010 – 2014                : Gunadarma University
Course & Education
2012                            : Course of Management Export Import Product and Simulation
2013                            : Banking Syaria
Skill
Computer Ms. Office (Operating)